What is a house in multiple occupation - HMO?

The Housing Act 2004 introduced a new definition of a house in multiple occupation. The new definition is detailed and complex.

Generally a house in multiple occupation will be a property occupied by more than one household and more than two people, and may include bedsits, shared houses and some self contained flats.

Do I need planning permission to convert my property into a HMO?

You may require planning permission to convert your property to a HMO. Also check your local authority to see if Article 4 direction applies in your area.

Do you have building control approval?

Building control approval does not ensure that your property is HMO compliant. You will still need to ensure your HMO meets HMO standards and management regulations. 

What housing standards apply to HMOs?

All HMOs must adhere to the council's HMO standards. These standards cover things like minimum room sizes, amenity standards and fire safety requirements.

The council will also have regard to The Licensing and Management of Houses in Multiple Occupation and Other Houses (Miscellaneous Provisions) (England) Regulations 2006.

How can HAD help you?

HAD have practices throughout the UK, including Burnley, Blackburn, Manchester & London. We have a dedicated team who work on HMO conversions and examples of our projects are below, including a number of Article 4 areas. If you want to convert your property into a HMO and need planning permission and building control approval, get in touch with us today:

Burnley – 01282 451428

Blackburn – 01254 492018

Manchester – 0161 327 0421

London – 020 3633 0810

Salford HMO - Article 4 area

4 Nadine Street – 4 Bedroom terrace house into 5 bedroom HMO - Approved

This residential street lies near the heart of Salford.  The area sits between two busy highways leading into the Manchester’s city centre and further afield.  This heavily residential surrounds predominantly are made of Victorian terraced dwellings. The area is popular with young professionals and students as it close to the University of Salford and Manchester’s MediaCity UK. The proposed changes are based on converting the Victorian household into a 5-bedroom house of multiple occupation (HMO) with a communal living area and kitchen space.  The target market for the scheme was aimed at the growing population of young professionals and students seeking a cost-effective alternative to inner city accommodation.

Salford has a rich industrial heritage with many of the dwellings purposed to accommodate the work forces needed at the time. In such areas it was important to do research to find out the historical importance of the building  If it’s found to be listed or belonging to a conservation area the design approach will need to be sensitive to the guidelines given by English heritage as well as local polices and national framework. In this case 4 Nadine street was found to neither be listed or part of a conservation area. The house originally had a living room, dining room and a kitchen in a rear outrigger on the ground floor. The first floor consisted of the master bedroom, a smaller bedroom and the family bathroom on top of the kitchen outrigger. The top floor containing the final 2 bedrooms.

The proposal would alter the living space into a ground floor bedroom. The previous dining room would become the living room and the kitchen to the rear of the building would remain the same. These spaces would be communal and accessible by all the occupants. The first floor would have alterations to integrate the family bathroom into one of the bedrooms and act as its en-suite. The stairs were altered better utilise the space and additional room besides it for the en-suite for the other first floor room. The final 2 bedrooms located on the top floor would only see the addition of their en-suite with much of the original layout remaining the same. The generous sizes of this property allowed most of the bedrooms to be over 10m2, aiming to provide a modern, spacious and luxurious have place to reside for the occupants. While designing these spaces, great care was taken to make sure the proposed spaces met or exceed the minimum requirement Set by local planning policies and national space standards.

Great care was taken while designing these spaces to also make sure that much of the original structure of the building remain the same meaning it would be less work for the client too hard to consider at the construction phase. Additional documentation was also needed to support this proposal is parking in the area did not support the additional required spaces needed to support the HMO. A travel plan what is drafted outlining and analysing all the transport options available in the area and how the proposal would fit in with utilising those options. Sustainable methods of transport like cycling was very feasible for the proposal so great emphasis was made on my travel option with secure bike storage also being included in the proposal.

once  the approval was received detailed plans, elevations and sections were created as part of building regulation drawings needed for the construction phase of the project.

Keywords – HMO Salford, HMO planning permission, HAD Salford, HAD Manchester, Salford self-contained flats, Terraced conversion, Change of Use, Article 4 HMO

St Matthews St 

HMO Conversion/Garage Conversion 

HAD were called by their client to convert a three-bed gable-end corner property in St Matthew Street, Burnley into a HMO: a house of multiple occupation. The layout of the existing residential house included an attached garage, extended kitchen with utility and cellar storage space. Previously a retail corner shop, the old shop front had been covered internally by partition walls for the current residential use however there was no natural light in this space. Our client had recently purchased the property with a view to convert the building into a HMO with around 5 one-person bedrooms each with ensuites or private bathrooms as long as the space allowed.

HAD completed the measured survey of the existing building in Burnley and drew up the floor plans and elevations ready to complete the clients design brief proposal of HMO conversion. The existing bedrooms on the first floor were large enough to meet the minimum space standards for HMO bedrooms as set out by Burnley Borough Council in their HMO standards document. This is a guidance document the council issue to guide those creating HMOs to ensure there is no over-crowding or insufficient space for people to share one house. These are based on national government standards and expanded where necessary to the Local Authority’s own preference. The existing bedroom spaces in this Burnley house also included enough space for each to hold its own ensuite by utilising the existing extra room off the rear bedroom and the central bathroom over the stairs. The first floor thus allowed for three bedrooms for the proposed HMO, with the living space and kitchen areas to be provided on the ground floor.

The Burnley property had a ground floor comprised of large reception rooms either side of the central entrance and staircase, the kitchen with extension leads off the side reception room and the extended utility room and separate singular WC also leads to the attached garage. The existing middle reception room, kitchen and utility allow for the shared space of living, dining area and kitchen for 5 people to share, leaving the garage and front reception room available for the other two required bedrooms. The garage would be converted to a habitable standard with the new windows in place of the up and over garage door to also double up as means of emergency exits so the occupant would not need to exit through inner rooms to escape during an emergency. The front reception room would also be given a new window to the front elevation where the previous shop-front would be removed and the building elevations here re-done so the property would now appear as a residential dwelling rather than an old closed retail shop. The natural light for this room would mean an easy conversion into a bedroom for the HMO, with inclusive ensuite to this new bedroom.

Minor internal physical changes to this Burnley property means the conversion will easily and quickly transform the three-bedroomed house into a House of Multiple Occupation. HMOs are sought after by students, young professionals and single people who are not currently looking to buy a house or for long-term rent of a whole house for themselves. Burnley currently has many employment opportunities for young workers and is currently expanding Burnley College and the University UCLAN (University of Central Lancashire) premises throughout the town offering more student places in the town centre. This opens up the housing market in Burnley for more variation of single people spaces and HMOs are the perfect choice for those looking to rent just a room and share the living spaces as they settle into life in Burnley on their own, whether for studying purposes or new employment.

HMOs in Burnley will require the property owner to have a HMO licence- HAD can assist with these applications with a vast history in converting buildings to HMOs, completing planning applications and gaining Building Control approval for HMO conversions throughout Lancashire and the North of England. HMO licence applications not only need the floor plans to show that minimum space standards are met, the Fire Safety and Escape plans need to be carefully thought out prior to work commencing and prepared for ease of escape should there be an emergency situation in the building when occupied. Together with Travel Plans, HMO Management Plans and full Building Regulation drawings- HAD can help with a HMO conversion from start to finish. A HMO licence application usually requires the above and confirmation that a suitable company or person will be in charge to manage the property and look after the maintenance and upkeep of the building ensuring the safety of those inhabiting the house. HAD have a sister company HAD Property Group based in Burnley that can help in these areas and are available to manage HMOs and other rental properties in Burnley and surrounding Lancashire.

The Burnley property in St Matthew Street will now provide shared living accommodation for up to 5 unrelated individuals with enough shared living, dining and kitchen space for all and each bedroom having its own private bathroom too. The location of the HMO in Burnley has easy links to the town centre, shops and places to eat, employment opportunities and access to the local College and University. Suitable for people looking to rent just a bedroom, the private ensuites are a bonus that is a rare find in other Burnley HMOs. The friendly Burnley area of Rosegrove is mainly residential and entertainment venues such as leisure parks, the cinema and pubs and restaurants are all within walking distance. Public transport links are also nearby for trains and buses that go direct to nearby towns and cities such as Blackpool, Manchester and Leeds.

HAD are here for all your HMO needs. Feasibility studies can be carried out prior to purchasing properties to ensure you are getting the most out of your investment. HAD can carry out the following to ensure a successful HMO conversion:

• Property measured surveys

• HMO Feasibility Studies to see if suitable before purchase

• Draw up existing floor plans and elevation drawings

• Complete successful planning applications for HMO change of use

• HMO Travel Plans to support limited parking locations

• HMO Management Plans to support HMO change of use planning and HMO licence applications

• HMO Building Regulation drawing packages to gain Building Control HMO Approval

• HMO Licence Applications

HAD cover the whole of the UK and specialise in areas such as Burnley, Nelson, Blackburn, Colne, Manchester, Salford, Bradford, Accrington, Darwen, Huddersfield, Bolton, Leigh and Wigan.

Check out our blogs on HMOs in Article 4 areas and other Northern and Lancashire areas. HAD, the HMO specialists.

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Burnley Listed Building HMO Case Study

Nicholas Street- Conversion of 3 attached Grade II Listed terraced buildings into 12bed HMO

Nicholas Street in Burnley is part of Burnley Town Centre’s Conservation Area. No’s 5, 7 and 9 used to be individual 4 storey town houses and have historically been altered into one building which used to hold various offices and has been vacant for over 10 years. As an example of typical Georgian town houses, the building has been granted Grade II Listing Status. The proposal to change the building into a HMO (House of Multiple Occupation) was well suited and sought after in this area, especially with Burnley’s growing student numbers and expansive into higher education.

Due to the Listing status of the building, the proposed HMO changes were to be made internally with no works to the exterior and original structure- exposing where possible to further enhance the heritage of the building. Burnley Council also wanted the building to be brought up to a higher standard that also better replicated the original design of the houses. This meant there would be no plans to clean the building stone as it reflected the original stone-work and bore evidence of the historical smoke and smog that was present in Burnley during its prolific and successful industrial era. The windows were also to be replaced by better reflecting original box-sash designs with minimal double glazing to again enhance the heritage status of the building.

The original layout of the building allowed for numerous large offices at the front and some smaller to the rear where no’s 5 and 9 extend out further and a courtyard is formed in between against the rear of the buildings of Dugdale Street behind Nicholas Street. This courtyard also offers escape routes out for fire emergencies, cycle storage and refuse storage and collection organisation.

To offer a variation of accommodation, some of the larger offices will be split into two rooms where the existing windows will allow. The majority of bedrooms for this HMO will be double rooms (7) and have the potential to have 2 occupants per room, although this is not the intention of the owner, so a maximum number of occupants was set at 19 to ensure Burnley HMO’s space standards could be met.

As well as meeting the minimum space requirements for the bedrooms, the required WC’s and shower facilities were also designed into the existing spaces, and 2 kitchens with 2 set of cooking and storage equipment each were achieved. In addition, there will also be shared living spaces and an extra room dedicated to dining giving the occupants plenty of amenity space ancillary to the large and spacious individual bedrooms. The existing courtyard also allows for external space that stores the refuse and cycles of the occupants for the HMO.

HMO Bradford Case Study

Pemberton Drive- Conversion of 2 attached terraced houses into 2x 16bed HMO’s

Pemberton Drive in Bradford is extremely close to Bradford City’s University. As such, many of these 4-storey Edwardian and Victorian terraced houses are used as student accommodation. HAD were tasked with designing as many beds as possible in two of these houses for the purpose of maintaining them as HMOs (Houses of Multiple Occupation).

The two houses were attached to each other, one mirrored the other in layout and appearance. This helped as what could be achieved in one house, could be replicated in the other. The two properties had been vacant for some years with extensive fire damage to the roof which needed intensive repairs and a full re-roof to one of the properties.

The houses as they existed had 4 storeys which included habitable basement and attic levels. Each shared an outrigger to the rear which afforded the house extra rooms in these parts. There was an existing access point from the basement and ground floor to the rear via steps, and the finished ground floor level was elevated from the external ground level to allow windows for the basement level at the front.

As well as rebuilding the roof and adding dormers to make the attic levels more usable, our client also wished for us to extend the rear outrigger to increase shared amenity spaces for the residents including a dedicated laundry room and extra respite space. By splitting the large front and rear rooms on the ground floor and first floor levels, the overall number of bedrooms could be increased. All bedrooms and living spaces had to meet strict requirements to ensure it would be a comfortable living standards. These included adequate space, organisation of furnishings and amount of facilities to ensure all occupants have what they need to live comfortably.

The original layout of each house allowed for up to 7 bedrooms, 1 large bathroom, living room, dining room, kitchen and storage space. The extension proposed additional space for extra bathroom and toilet facilities and extra respite areas including a dedicated laundry room for both properties to use. The extension also did not overbear on any neighbouring properties and still allowed for plenty of garden space and external bin storage for each of the HMO’s.

The dormers in the attic level had to be designed to be in keeping with the rest of the houses on this block as it formed part of the Little Horton Conservation Area for Bradford. With the rearrangement of the partition walls, the attic level managed to gain a total of 5 bedrooms per property with adequate head room, bed space and storage for each occupant. The first floor and ground floor followed similar layouts by splitting the larger rooms into two and utilising the space above the stairs and the rear outrigger. This enabled 5 bedrooms on the ground floor level and another 6 on the first floor. This was the same for both proposed HMO’s.

The first floor and basement levels were home to the toilet and shower blocks so no occupant had to go more than one floor to visit the bathroom. Using the council’s guidance on the amount of toilets and showers needed for the proposed amount of occupants per HMO, each house achieved 8 WC’s and 5 individual shower cubicles. There were also 2 kitchens in the basement that each had 2 sets of necessary kitchen space and plenty of dry and cold storage and worktop space.

Bradford City Council granted permission for these proposed extensions, changes and creation of 2x 16 bed HMO’s as they followed all guidance provided as well as living space standards, and the two 7 bed properties now allow for up to 32 residents to live for the nearby university.

HAD then went on to complete the building regulations approval for the proposed extensions and changes at the two proposed HMO’s. The extended basement, ground floor and first floor levels were detailed and specified as well as the new roof construction with dormers. The fire regulations, plumbing systems and M&E drawings were also completed to Building Regulations Approval and HMO officer approval.

Bradford HMO Case Study

Grantham Terrace- 8 bed HMO

Seymour Grove, Bolton

Conversion from C3 dwelling to Sui generis 11 person HMO 

This large 2 storey semi-detached dwelling was recently approved for its conversion from a Class C3 dwelling, a dwelling with no more than 6 occupants, to an 8-bedroom HMO (House of Multiple Occupancy). Located in the Astley Bridge area of North Bolton, it provides great connectivity to Bolton Town centre with a direct bus route and great local amenities, offering a great location for students of the University of Bolton as well as young professionals.

HAD were approached for this project due to our experience in HMO conversions. A key consideration beginning this project was its attachment to a nursey on the east of the property, with neighbouring residential properties to the west. Additional consideration and planning were undergone to ensure the living conditions of occupiers was safeguarded from noise pollution, thereby complying with Bolton’s Core Strategy policy CG4. This was achieved by acoustically insulating the floors and ceiling between the neighbouring properties in line with guidance from Section 5 of Building regulations 2014, approved document E, before work was taken place.

The proposal for the ground floor of the property features a large double bedroom, kitchen and dining area with laundry room to the front and three large bedrooms with ensuite to the rear of the property, along with garage parking suitable for two cars. The first floor occupies an immediate shared bathroom at the top of the stairs, with landing space connecting three further ensuite bedrooms and stairs leading up to the final three bedrooms. In accordance with the Council’s standard for houses in multiple occupation, minimum space requirements were adhered to, with the four largest bedrooms intended for double occupancy and the other four bedrooms intended for single occupancy, all exceeding minimum floor space. The overall occupancy of the building was limited to 11 occupants in accordance with policies CG3 and CG4 of Bolton’s core strategy which addresses over-intensive use of premises, and also addressed concerns on the application for an increase in noise and disturbance. Although the tenancy of the building was increased from 6 bedrooms to 11 occupants, the overall noise on the neighbouring nursey was assessed not to be impacted due to the previous layout housing a large family, and found the noise levels to be similar or less than previous.

All the needs of the occupants were provided for, with a full travel plan and crime impact assessment being completed. The two secure garage parking spaces were deemed adequate due to its transport connectivity and location in Bolton, meaning public transport will be the main mode of commute. Six secure bike lockers were also installed to encourage cycling to the City; therefore, the proposal will not represent a severe impact on the highway network and is therefore in accordance with the relevant policies contained within Bolton's Core Strategy and the guidance contained within the SPDs and the NPPF.

Further considerations include the provision of sufficient bin storage, with space for 10 bins in the garage that can provide for the property. Risk analysis of the area revealed high levels of domestic burglaries within 500mm of the site, therefore, physical security to the building was significantly improved, including a full CCTV system, all new ground floor glazing containing at least one pane of glass as P1A under EN 356 and the rear entrance of the building being self-closing/locking and operated by resident key/key-fob

Victoria Plaza, Bolton

Conversion from former Santander bank to HMO

Our latest HMO (House of Multiple Occupation) project involved working with an important piece of UK heritage. Located in the heart of Bolton’s town centre, Unit 1 of Victoria Plaza was built in 1890 and has a rich history in the growth of Bolton as a town, differentiated by its limestone construction against surrounding red bricked buildings. However, more recently the building has been left vacant, and a roof and ceiling urgently in need of repair has led to a damaged interior. Leaving the unused floors in its current state would be damaging to the streetscape, so it was essential to preserve and repair its key elements.

HAD were contacted for this project, with plans to convert the upper floors of the building into HMO so that they would be suitable accommodation for the nearby University of Bolton students. Currently, the second and third floors of Unit 1 are vacant, open spaces, with the ground floor and first floor commercial premises, last used as a bank and finance property with offices and basement storage. Our proposal converts the upper floors into two sets of HMO flats, Flat A accommodating six ensuite rooms for 6-9 individuals, with a shared kitchen and dining room, and a bike store and bin store for all residents. Flat B also accommodating six ensuite rooms for either 6-8 individuals, a shared kitchen and dining room, with a collective communal space accessible for flat B users. A key feature of the building being a light well up the centre which helps to bring in natural light, which we utilised through two new windows each for Flat A and Flat B into the well.

The majority of the building fabric will be untouched, with only a change in the 2nd, 3rd and roof plans with a changed side elevation. Oxford Street acts as a direct route into the town centre, and the buildings along it line the highway which makes their conservation essential to keep the town’s identity and a reminder of its origins in earlier centuries. It’s conversion to a HMO was accepted by the council, as its history of use confirms that a ground floor retail use with residential accommodation above would be the best feasible option for the property. The reinstatement of those floors will not only bring the whole building back into use but will also provide two residential dwellings for the local area, enhancing the economy of Bolton. Furthermore, being able to enjoy this architectural heritage is essential in this brief, encouraging residents and visitors to appreciate the cultural dwellings. This convinces people to dwell in such buildings across town, eventually, this process is enhancing the economy for the area to keep it populated.

Due to the building undergoing heritage listing, consent was acquired to repair the internal damage caused by a damaged roof, which caused water ingress. In terms of its external appearance, a detailed specification of all doors and windows was approved by the local planning authority to ensure the development reflects local distinctiveness, thereby complying with policy CG3 of Bolton’s core strategy. The new window that is installed for Bedroom A-5 will be fitted with completely obscure glazing so that the bedroom can benefit from natural light but the privacy and living conditions of neighbouring occupiers is protected at the same time. The upgrades will reflect the local vernacular and history of the building and use materials designed in a way to match the style of a traditional Victorian exterior and a detailed frame mimicking its original windows. In terms of the spatial requirements for multiple occupancy housing, these conditions were met with sufficient dwelling space and a minimum of 10.2m^2 bedroom floor area each.

Bolton is an exciting place to live for the future, with a £1.5 billion transformation of the town centre planned and current regeneration schemes underway. Victoria square’s location, being surrounded by stores and shopping units with a pedestrianised frontage make it a great location for students, with great close proximity amenities and transport links. Bringing this building back to life, reverting it back to original use, will help to tell the story of Bolton as a successful town for people to live, work and enjoy.

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